Mapping of stones and their deterioration forms: the Clock Tower, Venice (Italy)

Abstract The HYPERION EU project aims to develop a Decision Support System improve resilience and sustainable reconstruction of historic areas faced with climate change extreme events. In this context, Venice presents an outstanding example urban architectural complexity richness. mapping the ornamental stones façade Clock Tower ( Torre dell’Orologio ) their deterioration patterns acts as milestone on which build knowledge-acquisition process system regards stone artefacts decay products. is early Renaissance building (1499) in Lombardesque style stands over entrance Mercerie northern side St. Mark’s Square. Detailed surveys both materials (mainly stones) were carried out, latter following glossary weathering forms, coupled easy-to-use scale evaluation intensity. data output consists several monothematic maps can be handled separately, each one focusing precise lithological or specific aspects. This study also proposes simple approach summarizing total state form Total Deterioration Rank (TDR) its representation. used are regional Ammonitico Rosso Scaglia Rossa extra-regional limestones Istrian Stone ), well Mediterranean white coloured marbles already antiquity (i.e., Fior di Pesco marmor chalcidicum, lapis porphyrites, volcanic rock from Egyptian Eastern Desert, Proconnesian marble Island Marmara, Pavonazzetto toscano Carrara Italian Apuan Alps). most frequent forms detected black crusts, patinas, discoloration linked erosion processes. interrelation different mappings led number useful considerations concerning differences effectiveness maintenance procedures between public private management monument.